lib: reject SharedArrayBuffer in Blob constructor per spec

[thisalihassan]

This is the remaining piece of the work tracked in #59688. The Blob change is semver-major because today the call succeeds.
The shared BufferSource converter was made hot-path-friendly in #62833, so no per-call binding overhead is added here.
Refs: #59688
Refs: #62632

[codecov]

Codecov Report

✅ All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests.
✅ Project coverage is 89.63%. Comparing base (a7f487f) to head (3b082ef).
⚠️ Report is 2 commits behind head on main.

Additional details and impacted files

@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##             main   #63046   +/-   ##
=======================================
  Coverage   89.63%   89.63%           
=======================================
  Files         708      708           
  Lines      220402   220408    +6     
  Branches    42271    42276    +5     
=======================================
+ Hits       197551   197559    +8     
+ Misses      14706    14700    -6     
- Partials     8145     8149    +4     

Files with missing lines	Coverage Δ
lib/internal/blob.js	99.44% <100.00%> (+<0.01%)	⬆️

... and 28 files with indirect coverage changes

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[nodejs-github-bot]

CI: https://ci.nodejs.org/job/node-test-pull-request/73046/

[Renegade334]

Thanks for this.

[nodejs-github-bot]

CI: https://ci.nodejs.org/job/node-test-pull-request/73047/

[nodejs-github-bot]

CI: https://ci.nodejs.org/job/node-test-pull-request/73050/